Gitelman

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 Autosomal Recessive condition 

More common than Bartter syndrome 

Mimics chronic thiazide therapy side effects 

It affects Na-Cl channel of Distal convoluted tubule



Characterized by 

  • Polyuria
  • Metabolic alkalosis
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hypomagnesaemia
  • Low blood pressure 
Pathophysiology of these features are similar to Bartter syndrome
 For Bartter notes 



How is Gitelman syndrome different from Bartter syndrome?

Bartter syndrome show poor response to a loop diuretic, while patients with Gitelman syndrome have poor response to a thiazide diuretic.

Concentrating ability is impaired in Bartter syndrome but is relatively preserved in Gitelman syndrome since LoH is more concerned with generating concentration gradient in kidney.

Urinary calcium excretion is typically reduced in patients with Gitelman syndrome as it is with a thiazide diuretic but high in Bartter syndrome.

Treatment is similar to Bartter syndrome.  

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